Uhlobo olusha lwe-polyurethane adhesive lwalungiswa kusetshenziswa i-molecule encane ye-polyacids kanye nama-polyols e-molecule amancane njengezisetshenziswa eziyisisekelo zokulungiselela ama-prepolymers. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokunwetshwa kweketango, ama-polymers ane-hyperbranched kanye ne-HDI trimers yethulwa esakhiweni se-polyurethane. Imiphumela yokuhlola ibonisa ukuthi i-adhesive elungiselelwe kulolu cwaningo ine-viscosity efanelekile, impilo ende ye-adhesive disc, ingelashwa ngokushesha ekamelweni lokushisa, futhi inezici ezinhle zokubopha, amandla okuvalwa kokushisa kanye nokuzinza kokushisa.

Ukupakishwa okuhlanganisiwe okuguquguqukayo kunezinzuzo zokubukeka okuhle, ububanzi bohlelo lokusebenza, izinto zokuhamba ezikahle, nezindleko eziphansi zokupakisha. Kusukela yethulwa, ibisetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, kumakhemikhali ansuku zonke, e-elekthronikhi nakwezinye izimboni, futhi ithandwa kakhulu ngabathengi. Ukusebenza kokupakishwa okuhlanganisiwe okuguquguqukayo akuhlobene nje nezinto zefilimu, kodwa futhi kuncike ekusebenzeni kwe-adhesive composite. I-polyurethane adhesive inezinzuzo eziningi ezifana namandla okubopha okuphezulu, ukulungiswa okuqinile, nenhlanzeko nokuphepha. Njengamanje iwukunamathela okujwayelekile okunamathelayo kokupakishwa okuhlanganisiwe okuvumelana nezimo kanye nokugxilwa kocwaningo olwenziwa abakhiqizi abakhulu bokunamathela.

Ukuguga okunezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kuyinqubo esemqoka ekulungiseleleni ukupakishwa okuguquguqukayo. Ngezinjongo zenqubomgomo kazwelonke "yesiqongo sekhabhoni" kanye "nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni", ukuvikelwa kwemvelo eluhlaza, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ephansi, kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokonga kukagesi kube yimigomo yokuthuthukiswa kwayo yonke imikhakha yempilo. Ukushisa kokuguga nesikhathi sokuguga kunomphumela omuhle emandleni e-peel efilimu ehlanganisiwe. Ngokwethiyori, ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa lokuguga kanye nesikhathi sokuguga siba side, izinga lokuphendula liyakhuphuka futhi kuba ngcono umphumela wokwelapha. Enqubweni yesicelo sokukhiqiza sangempela, uma izinga lokushisa lokuguga lingehliswa futhi isikhathi sokuguga singafinyezwa, kungcono ukuthi ungadingi ukuguga, futhi ukusika nokufaka izikhwama kungenziwa ngemva kokuba umshini uvaliwe. Lokhu akukwazi nje ukufeza imigomo yokuvikelwa kwemvelo eluhlaza kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ephansi, kodwa futhi konga izindleko zokukhiqiza nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.

Lolu cwaningo luhloselwe ukuhlanganisa uhlobo olusha lwe-polyurethane adhesive ene-viscosity efanelekile kanye nokuphila kwe-adhesive disc ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa, ingaphulukisa ngokushesha ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphansi, okungcono ngaphandle kokushisa okuphezulu, futhi akuphazamisi ukusebenza kwezinkomba ezihlukahlukene zokupakisha okuhlanganisiwe okuguquguqukayo.

1.1 Izinto zokuhlola i-Adipic acid, i-sebacic acid, i-ethylene glycol, i-neopenyl glycol, i-diethylene glycol, i-TDI, i-HDI trimer, i-polymer eyenziwe ilabhorethri eyenziwe nge-hyperbranched, i-ethyl acetate, ifilimu ye-polyethylene (PE), ifilimu ye-polyester (PET), i-aluminium foil (AL).
1.2 Amathuluzi okuhlola Ideskithophu yokushisa kagesi engaguquki i-ovini yokomisa umoya: DHG-9203A, Shanghai Yiheng Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.; I-viscometer ejikelezayo: NDJ-79, Shanghai Renhe Keyi Co., Ltd.; Umshini wokuhlola we-Universal tensile: XLW, Labthink; I-Thermogravimetric analyzer: TG209, NETZSCH, Germany; Umhloli wokushisa uphawu: SKZ1017A, Jinan Qingqiang Electromechanical Co., Ltd.
1.3 Indlela yokuhlanganisa
1) Ukulungiswa kwe-prepolymer: Sula iflaski enezintamo ezine kahle bese udlulisela i-N2 kuyo, bese wengeza i-molecule encane elinganisiwe i-polyol ne-polyacid kuflask enezintamo ezine bese uqala ukunyakazisa. Uma izinga lokushisa lifinyelela izinga lokushisa elimisiwe futhi okukhiphayo kwamanzi kuseduze nokuphuma kwamanzi okucatshangelwayo, thatha inani elithile lesampula lokuhlola inani le-asidi. Uma inani le-asidi lingu-≤20 mg/g, qala isinyathelo esilandelayo sokusabela; engeza i-catalyst yamamitha angu-100 × 10-6, xhuma ipayipi lomsila we-vacuum bese uqala iphampu ye-vacuum, lawula izinga lokuphuma kotshwala nge-vacuum degree, lapho ukukhishwa kotshwala kwangempela kuseduze nokuphuma kotshwala okucatshangelwayo, thatha isampula ethile yokuhlola inani le-hydroxyl, futhi unqamule ukusabela lapho inani le-hydroxyl lihlangabezana nezidingo zokuklama. I-polyurethane prepolymer etholakele ihlanganiswe ukuze isetshenziswe ngokulinda.
2) Ukulungiswa kwe-adhesive-based polyurethane adhesive: Faka i-polyurethane prepolymer elinganisiwe ne-ethyl ester eflaskini enezintamo ezine, shisa futhi ugovuze ukuze uhlakazeke ngokulinganayo, bese wengeza i-TDI ekaliniwe kufulaski onentamo emine, fudumala amahora angu-1.0, bese wengeza i-polymer eyenziwe ekhaya eyenziwe nge-hyperbranched elabhorethri, yehlisela ku-HDIhmer kancane kancane futhi ungeze i-HDIhmer kancane kancane. ifulaski enezintamo ezine, hlala ufudumele amahora angu-2.0, thatha amasampula ukuze uhlole okuqukethwe kwe-NCO, uphole futhi ukhulule izinto zokupakisha ngemva kokuba okuqukethwe kwe-NCO kufanelekile.
I-3) I-lamination eyomile: Hlanganisa i-ethyl acetate, i-ejenti eyinhloko kanye ne-ejenti yokuphulukisa ngesilinganiso esithile futhi ugovuze ngokulinganayo, bese usebenzisa futhi ulungiselele amasampula emshinini owomile wokulahla.

1.4 Ukuhlolwa kwezinhlamvu
1) I-Viscosity: Sebenzisa i-viscometer ejikelezayo futhi ubhekisele ku-GB/T 2794-1995 Indlela yokuhlola ye-viscosity yezinto ezinamathelayo;
I-2) Amandla we-T-peel: ihlolwe kusetshenziswa umshini wokuhlola ukuqina komhlaba wonke, kubhekiselwa ku-GB/T 8808-1998 indlela yokuhlola amandla ekhasi;
3) Amandla okushisa okushisa: okokuqala sebenzisa umhloli wokushisa ukushisa ukuze wenze uphawu lokushisa, bese usebenzisa umshini wokuhlola ukuqina kwe-universal test, ubheke ku-GB/T 22638.7-2016 indlela yokuhlola amandla okushisa uphawu;
4) Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Thermogravimetric (TGA): Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-thermogravimetric analyzer enezinga lokushisa elingu-10 ℃/min kanye nebanga lokushisa lokuhlola elingu-50 kuya ku-600 ℃.

2.1 Izinguquko ku-viscosity kanye nesikhathi sokuphendula sokuxuba I-viscosity ye-adhesive kanye nempilo yediski yerabha yizinkomba ezibalulekile enqubweni yokukhiqiza umkhiqizo. Uma i-viscosity ye-adhesive iphezulu kakhulu, inani leglue elisetshenzisiwe lizoba likhulu kakhulu, elithinta ukubukeka nezindleko zokugqoka zefilimu ehlanganisiwe; uma i-viscosity iphansi kakhulu, inani leglue elisetshenzisiwe lizoba liphansi kakhulu, futhi inkino ayikwazi ukungena ngokuphumelelayo, okuzophinde kuthinte ukubukeka nokusebenza kokubopha kwefilimu ehlanganisiwe. Uma impilo ye-rubber disc imfushane kakhulu, i-viscosity yeglue egcinwe ku-tank glue izokhula ngokushesha, futhi i-glue ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kahle, futhi i-roller ye-rubber akulula ukuyihlanza; uma impilo yediski yenjoloba iyinde kakhulu, izothinta ukubukeka kokunamathela kokuqala kanye nokusebenza kokubopha kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe, futhi kuthinte ngisho nesilinganiso sokuphulukisa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa komkhiqizo.

Ukulawulwa kwe-viscosity efanele kanye nempilo ye-adhesive disc yimingcele ebalulekile yokusetshenziswa kahle kwe-adhesive. Ngokusho kwesipiliyoni sokukhiqiza, i-ejenti eyinhloko, i-ethyl acetate kanye ne-ejenti yokuphulukisa ilungiswa ngenani elifanele le-R kanye ne-viscosity, futhi i-adhesive igoqwe ku-tank yokunamathisela nge-roller yerabha ngaphandle kokufaka i-glue kufilimu. Amasampula okunamathela athathwa ngezikhathi ezahlukene ukuze kuhlolwe i-viscosity. I-viscosity efanelekile, impilo efanele ye-adhesive disc, kanye nokuphulukiswa ngokushesha ngaphansi kwezimo eziphansi zokushisa kuyimigomo ebalulekile elandelwa yi-adhesive-based polyurethane adhesives ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa.

2.2 Umthelela wezinga lokushisa lokuguga emandleni amakhasi Inqubo yokuguga ibaluleke kakhulu, idla isikhathi, inqubo edla amandla futhi edinga isikhala yokupakisha okuguquguqukayo. Akuthinti kuphela izinga lokukhiqiza lomkhiqizo, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, kuthinta ukubukeka nokusebenza okubophezelayo kokupakishwa okuhlanganisiwe okuguquguqukayo. Ebhekene nemigomo kahulumeni "ye-carbon peak" kanye "ne-carbon neutrality" kanye nokuncintisana kwemakethe okuqinile, ukuguga okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokwelapha ngokushesha kuyizindlela ezisebenzayo zokuzuza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, ukukhiqizwa okuluhlaza kanye nokukhiqizwa okuphumelelayo .

Ifilimu eyinhlanganisela ye-PET/AL/PE yayiguge ekushiseni kwegumbi futhi iku-40, 50, kanye no-60 ℃. Emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, amandla e-peel wesakhiwo esihlanganisiwe se-AL/PE sahlala sizinzile ngemva kokuguga amahora angu-12, futhi ukuphulukiswa kwaqedwa ngokuyisisekelo; ekushiseni kwekamelo, amandla e-peel we-PET/AL high-barrier composite structure ahlala eqinile ngemva kokuguga amahora angu-12, okubonisa ukuthi impahla yefilimu ye-high-barrier izothinta ukuphulukiswa kwe-polyurethane adhesive; uma kuqhathaniswa nezimo zokushisa ezipholile ezingu-40, 50, kanye no-60 ℃, awukho umehluko osobala esilinganisweni sokuphulukisa.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinamatheliso ezisekelwe ku-solvent-based polyurethane ezivamile emakethe yamanje, isikhathi sokuguga esinezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ngokuvamile singamahora angu-48 noma ngaphezulu. I-polyurethane adhesive kulolu cwaningo ingaqedela ngokuyisisekelo ukuphulukiswa kwesakhiwo esivimbelayo emahoreni angu-12 ekamelweni lokushisa. I-adhesive ethuthukisiwe inomsebenzi wokwelapha ngokushesha. Ukwethulwa kwe-polymers eyenziwe ekhaya ene-hyperbranched kanye nama-isocyanates asebenzayo ku-adhesive, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungqimba lwangaphandle lwesakhiwo esiyinhlanganisela noma ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwesakhiwo esiyinhlanganisela, amandla e-peel ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ekamelweni awahlukile kakhulu kumandla wekhasi ngaphansi kwezimo zokuguga ezisezingeni eliphezulu, okubonisa ukuthi i-adhesive ethuthukisiwe ayinawo umsebenzi wokuphulukisa ngokushesha, kodwa futhi inomsebenzi wokuphulukisa ngokushesha, kodwa futhi inomsebenzi wokuphulukisa ngokushesha.

2.3 Umthelela wezinga lokushisa eliguga emandleni ophawu lokushisa Izici zophawu lokushisa zezinto zokwakha kanye nomphumela wangempela wophawu lokushisa zithintwa izinto eziningi, njengemishini yophawu lokushisa, imingcele yokusebenza ngokomzimba namakhemikhali yento ngokwayo, isikhathi sophawu lokushisa, ukucindezela kophawu lokushisa kanye nezinga lokushisa lophawu lokushisa, njll. Ngokwezidingo zangempela kanye nesipiliyoni, inqubo yophawu lokushisa enengqondo nemingcele iyaqiniswa, ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwefilimu ehlanganisiwe yokushisa.

Uma ifilimu eyinhlanganisela isanda kuphuma emshinini, amandla okuvalwa kokushisa aphansi, kuphela 17 N/(15 mm). Ngalesi sikhathi, i-adhesive isanda kuqala ukuqina futhi ayikwazi ukunikeza amandla okwanele okubopha. Amandla ahlolwe ngalesi sikhathi amandla okushisa okushisa kwefilimu ye-PE; njengoba isikhathi sokuguga sikhula, amandla ophawu lokushisa akhula kakhulu. Amandla okushisa okushisa ngemva kokuguga amahora angu-12 ngokuyisisekelo ayafana nalawo ngemva kwamahora angu-24 no-48, okubonisa ukuthi ukuphulukiswa kuqedwa ngokuyisisekelo emahoreni angu-12, ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlanganiswa okwanele kwamafilimu ahlukene, okuholela ekukhuphukeni kwamandla okushisa okushisa. Kusukela ekushintsheni kwejika lamandla esivalo sokushisa emazingeni okushisa ahlukene, kuyabonakala ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zesikhathi sokuguga, awukho umehluko omkhulu emandleni ophawu lokushisa phakathi kokuguga kwegumbi nezimo ezingama-40, 50, nezingu-60 ℃. Ukuguga ekamelweni lokushisa kungafinyelela ngokuphelele umphumela wokushisa okuphezulu ukuguga. Isakhiwo sokupakisha esiguquguqukayo esihlanganiswe nalokhu okunamathelayo okuthuthukisiwe sinamandla okuvalwa kokushisa okuhle ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphakeme zokuguga.

2.4 Ukuzinza kokushisa kwefilimu eselashiwe Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa ukupakisha okuguquguqukayo, ukuvala ukushisa nokwakhiwa kwezikhwama kuyadingeka. Ngaphezu kokuzinza okushisayo kwempahla yefilimu ngokwayo, ukuzinza kokushisa kwefilimu ye-polyurethane ephulukisiwe kunquma ukusebenza nokubukeka komkhiqizo wokupakisha oguquguqukayo oqediwe. Lolu cwaningo lusebenzisa indlela ye-thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) ukuhlaziya ukuzinza kokushisa kwefilimu ye-polyurethane eselashiwe.

Ifilimu ye-polyurethane ephulukisiwe ineziqongo ezimbili ezicacile zokulahlekelwa kwesisindo ezingeni lokushisa lokuhlola, elihambisana nokubola okushisayo kwengxenye eqinile kanye nengxenye ethambile. Izinga lokushisa elishisayo lokubola kwengxenye ethambile liphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi ukwehla kwesisindo esishisayo kuqala ukwenzeka ku-264 ° C. Kuleli zinga lokushisa, lingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokushisa zenqubo yamanje yokufaka uphawu lokushisa okuthambile, futhi ingahlangabezana nezidingo zokushisa zokukhiqizwa kokupakisha okuzenzakalelayo noma ukugcwaliswa, ukuthuthwa kwesitsha sebanga elide, kanye nenqubo yokusebenzisa; izinga lokushisa elishisayo lokubola kwengxenye eqinile liphakeme, lifinyelela ku-347°C. I-adhesive ethuthukisiwe enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu engapheki inokusimama okuhle kokushisayo. Ingxube ye-asphalt ye-AC-13 ene-steel slag inyuke ngo-2.1%.

3) Lapho okuqukethwe kwe-steel slag kufinyelela ku-100%, okungukuthi, lapho usayizi wezinhlayiyana owodwa we-4.75 kuya ku-9.5 mm ushintsha ngokuphelele i-limestone, inani elisele lokuzinza lengxube ye-asphalt liyi-85.6%, okuyi-0.5% ephakeme kunaleyo yengxube ye-asphalt ye-AC-13 ngaphandle kwe-slag yensimbi; isilinganiso samandla okuhlukanisa singama-80.8%, okuyi-0.5% ephakeme kunaleyo yengxube ye-asphalt ye-AC-13 ngaphandle kwe-slag yensimbi. Ukwengezwa kwenani elifanele le-slag yensimbi kungathuthukisa ngokuphumelelayo ukuzinza okusele kanye nesilinganiso samandla ahlukanisayo we-AC-13 steel slag asphalt ingxube, futhi kungathuthukisa ngokuphumelelayo ukuzinza kwamanzi kwengxube ye-asphalt.

1)Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa, i-viscosity yokuqala ye-adhesive-based polyurethane adhesive elungiselelwe ngokwethula ama-polymers enziwe ekhaya angama-hyperbranched kanye nama-polyisocyanates asebenzayo azungeze i-1500mPa·s, ene-viscosity enhle; impilo ye-adhesive disc ifinyelela ku-60 min, engakwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zesikhathi sokusebenza zezinkampani zokupakisha eziguquguqukayo ohlelweni lokukhiqiza.

I-2) Ingabonakala kumandla we-peel namandla okuvalwa kokushisa ukuthi okunamathelayo okulungisiwe kungelapheka ngokushesha ekamelweni lokushisa. Awukho umehluko omkhulu esivinini sokuphulukisa ekamelweni lokushisa futhi ku-40, 50, no-60 ℃, futhi awukho umehluko omkhulu emandleni okubopha. Lokhu okunamathelayo kungelapheka ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu futhi kungelapheka ngokushesha.

I-3) Ukuhlaziywa kwe-TGA kubonisa ukuthi okunamathelayo kunokuqina okuhle kokushisa futhi kungahlangabezana nezidingo zokushisa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ukuthutha nokusetshenziswa.