Izinto zokumboza nge-polyurethane zivame ukuphuzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet noma ukushisa, okuthinta ukubukeka kwazo nempilo yesevisi. Ngokwethula i-UV-320 kanye ne-2-hydroxyethyl thiophosphate ekunwetshweni kweketango le-polyurethane, i-polyurethane esekelwe emanzini e-nonionic ekwazi ukumelana kahle nokuphuzi yalungiswa futhi yafakwa embotsheni yesikhumba. Ngomehluko wombala, ukuzinza, ukuskena isibonakhulu se-electron, i-X-ray spectrum nokunye ukuhlola, kwatholakala ukuthi umehluko ophelele wombala △E wesikhumba ophathwe ngezingxenye ezingu-50 ze-polyurethane esekelwe emanzini e-nonionic enokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuphuzi kwakungu-2.9, ibanga lokushintsha umbala laliyibanga elingu-1, futhi kwaba nokushintsha kombala okuncane kakhulu. Kuhlanganiswe nezinkomba zokusebenza eziyisisekelo zamandla okuqina kwesikhumba nokumelana nokugqokwa, kukhombisa ukuthi i-polyurethane ekwazi ukumelana nokuphuzi elungiselelwe ingathuthukisa ukumelana nokuphuzi kwesikhumba kuyilapho igcina izici zayo zemishini kanye nokumelana nokugqoka.

Njengoba izinga lokuphila kwabantu selithuthukile, abantu banezidingo eziphakeme zamakhushini ezihlalo zesikhumba, ezingadingi nje kuphela ukuthi zingabi nangozi empilweni yomuntu, kodwa futhi ezidinga ukuthi zijabulise ngobuhle. I-polyurethane esekelwe emanzini isetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-agent okugcoba isikhumba ngenxa yokuphepha kwayo okuhle kakhulu nokusebenza ngaphandle kokungcola, i-gloss ephezulu, kanye nesakhiwo se-amino methylidynephosphonate esifana nesesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, i-polyurethane esekelwe emanzini ijwayele ukuphuzi ngaphansi kwethonya lesikhathi eside lokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet noma ukushisa, okuthinta impilo yesevisi yezinto ezibonakalayo. Isibonelo, izinto eziningi ezimhlophe zezicathulo ze-polyurethane zivame ukuvela ziphuzi, noma ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane, kuzoba nokuphuzi ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukutadisha ukumelana nokuphuzi kwe-polyurethane emanzini.

Njengamanje kunezindlela ezintathu zokuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuphuzi kwe-polyurethane: ukulungisa ingxenye yezingxenye eziqinile nezithambile kanye nokushintsha izinto zokusetshenziswa kusukela kumsuka wempande, ukwengeza izithasiselo eziphilayo kanye nama-nanomaterials, nokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo.

(a) Ukulungisa ingxenye yezingxenye eziqinile nezithambile kanye nokushintsha izinto zokusetshenziswa kungaxazulula inkinga ye-polyurethane ngokwayo ethambekele ekubeni phuzi, kodwa ayikwazi ukuxazulula ithonya lendawo yangaphandle ku-polyurethane futhi ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe Ngokusebenzisa i-TG, i-DSC, ukumelana ne-abrasion kanye nokuhlolwa okuqinile, kwatholakala ukuthi izakhiwo ezibonakalayo ze-polyurethane ukumelana nesimo sezulu esilungisiwe nge-polyurethane ne-polyurethane ehlanzekile, isikhumba se-polyurethane ehlanzekile. I-polyurethane engamelana nesimo sezulu ingagcina izici eziyisisekelo zesikhumba kuyilapho ithuthukisa kakhulu ukumelana nesimo sezulu.

(b)Ukwengezwa kwezithasiselo eziphilayo nama-nanomaterials nakho kunezinkinga ezifana namanani aphezulu okwengezwa kanye nokungahlangani kahle komzimba ne-polyurethane, okuholela ekwehleni kwezakhiwo zemishini ye-polyurethane.

(c)Amabhondi e-Disulfide anokuguqulwa okunamandla okuguquguqukayo, okwenza amandla awo okuqalisa abe phansi kakhulu, futhi angaphulwa futhi akhiwe kabusha izikhathi eziningi. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo kwamabhondi e-disulfide, lawa mabhondi ahlala ephulwa futhi akhiwa kabusha ngaphansi kwemisebe yokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, aguqule amandla okukhanya kwe-ultraviolet abe ukukhululwa kwamandla okushisa. Ukubaphuzi kwe-polyurethane kubangelwa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, okujabulisa amabhondi amakhemikhali ezintweni ze-polyurethane futhi kubangele ukuhlukana kwebhondi kanye nokusabela kokuhlelwa kabusha, okuholela ekushintsheni kwesakhiwo kanye nokubaphuzi kwe-polyurethane. Ngakho-ke, ngokwethula izibopho ze-disulfide ezingxenyeni zamaketanga e-polyurethane emanzini, ukusebenza kokuziphilisa nokuphuzi kwe-polyurethane kwahlolwa. Ngokokuhlolwa kwe-GB/T 1766-2008, △E ibingu-4.68, futhi ibanga lokushintshwa kombala bekuleveli 2, kodwa njengoba ibisebenzisa i-tetraphenylene disulfide, enombala othile, ayifaneleki i-polyurethane engaphuzi.

Izimunyisi zokukhanya kwe-Ultraviolet nama-disulfide zingaguqula ukukhanya okumuncwe kwe-ultraviolet kube ukukhulula amandla okushisa ukuze kuncishiswe ithonya lemisebe yokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet esakhiweni se-polyurethane. Ngokwethula into eguqukayo eguqukayo engu-2-hydroxyethyl disulfide esigabeni sokunwetshwa kwe-polyurethane synthesis, yethulwa esakhiweni se-polyurethane, okuyinhlanganisela ye-disulfide equkethe amaqembu e-hydroxyl okulula ukusabela ngayo nge-isocyanate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Absorbent ye-UV-320 ye-ultraviolet yethulwa ukubambisana nokuthuthukiswa kokumelana okuphuzi kwe-polyurethane. I-UV-320 equkethe amaqembu e-hydroxyl, ngenxa yesici sayo sokusabela kalula namaqembu e-isocyanate, ingaphinde yethulwe ezingxenyeni zamaketanga e-polyurethane futhi isetshenziswe emgqonyeni wesikhumba ophakathi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana okuphuzi kwe-polyurethane.

Ngokuhlolwa komehluko wombala, kwatholakala ukuthi ukumelana okuphuzi kwe-polyureth ephuzi yokumelana Nge-TG, i-DSC, ukumelana nemihuzuko kanye nokuhlolwa okuqinile, kwatholakala ukuthi izakhiwo ezilungiselelwe ze-polyurethane ukumelana nesimo sezulu esilungisiwe kanye nesikhumba esiphathwe nge-polyurethane ehlanzekile sasihambisana, okubonisa ukuthi i-polyurethane ukumelana nesimo sezulu ingakwazi ukugcina izakhiwo eziyisisekelo zesikhumba ngenkathi ithuthukisa kakhulu ukumelana nesimo sezulu.