Izinto zokumboza ze-polyurethane zithambekele ekubeni phuzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet noma ekushiseni, okuthinta ukubukeka kwazo kanye nokuphila kwazo. Ngokufaka i-UV-320 kanye ne-2-hydroxyethyl thiophosphate ekwandisweni kweketanga le-polyurethane, kwalungiswa futhi kwasetshenziswa i-polyurethane engeyona i-ionic yamanzi enokumelana okuhle nokuphuzi. Ngokusebenzisa umehluko wombala, ukuzinza, i-scanning electron microscope, i-X-ray spectrum kanye nezinye izivivinyo, kwatholakala ukuthi umehluko wombala ophelele △E wesikhumba esiphathwe ngezingxenye ezingu-50 ze-polyurethane engeyona i-ionic yamanzi enokumelana okuhle nokuphuzi kwakungu-2.9, izinga lokushintsha kombala laliyibanga eli-1, futhi kwakukhona ushintsho lombala oluncane kakhulu. Kuhlanganiswe nezinkomba zokusebenza eziyisisekelo zamandla okudonseka kwesikhumba kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka, kukhombisa ukuthi i-polyurethane elungiselelwe ukumelana nokuphuzi ingathuthukisa ukumelana nokuphuzi kwesikhumba ngenkathi igcina izakhiwo zayo zemishini kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka.

Njengoba amazinga okuphila kwabantu ethuthukile, abantu banezidingo eziphakeme zezihlalo zesikhumba, hhayi nje kuphela ezidinga ukuba zingabi yingozi empilweni yabantu, kodwa futhi ezidinga ukuba zibukeke kahle. I-polyurethane esekelwe emanzini isetshenziswa kabanzi ezintweni zokumboza isikhumba ngenxa yokuphepha kwayo okuhle kakhulu nokusebenza kwayo okungenakungcola, ukucwebezela okuphezulu, kanye nesakhiwo se-amino methylidynephosphonate esifana nesesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, i-polyurethane esekelwe emanzini ithambekele ekubeni phuzi ngaphansi kwethonya lesikhathi eside lokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet noma ukushisa, okuthinta impilo yenkonzo yento. Isibonelo, izinto eziningi ze-polyurethane ezimhlophe zivame ukubonakala ziphuzi, noma ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane, kuzoba phuzi ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukutadisha ukumelana nokuphuzi kwe-polyurethane esekelwe emanzini.

Okwamanje kunezindlela ezintathu zokuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuphuzi kwe-polyurethane: ukulungisa isilinganiso sezingxenye eziqinile nezithambile nokushintsha izinto zokusetshenziswa kusukela embangeni oyinhloko, ukwengeza izithasiselo eziphilayo kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo, kanye nokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo.

(a) Ukulungisa isilinganiso sezingxenye eziqinile nezithambile nokushintsha izinto zokusetshenziswa kungaxazulula inkinga yokuthi i-polyurethane ngokwayo ithambekele ekubeni phuzi, kodwa ayikwazi ukuxazulula ithonya lemvelo yangaphandle ku-polyurethane futhi ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe. Ngokusebenzisa i-TG, i-DSC, ukumelana nokuklwebheka kanye nokuhlolwa kokuthamba, kutholakale ukuthi izakhiwo zomzimba ze-polyurethane elungiselelwe ukumelana nesimo sezulu kanye nesikhumba esiphathwe nge-polyurethane emsulwa zazihambisana, okubonisa ukuthi i-polyurethane emelana nesimo sezulu ingagcina izakhiwo eziyisisekelo zesikhumba ngenkathi ithuthukisa kakhulu ukumelana kwayo nesimo sezulu.

(b) Ukwengezwa kwezithasiselo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-nanomaterial nakho kunezinkinga ezifana namanani aphezulu okwengeza kanye nokuhlanganiswa okungekuhle ngokomzimba ne-polyurethane, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwezakhiwo zemishini ye-polyurethane.

(c)Izibopho ze-Disulfide zinamandla okubuyela emuva aguquguqukayo, okwenza amandla azo okusebenza abe mancane kakhulu, futhi zingaphulwa futhi zakhiwe kabusha izikhathi eziningi. Ngenxa yokubuyela emuva okuguquguqukayo kwezibopho ze-disulfide, lezi zibopho zihlala ziphukile futhi zakhiwe kabusha ngaphansi kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, okuguqula amandla okukhanya kwe-ultraviolet abe ukukhishwa kwamandla okushisa. Ukuphuzi kwe-polyurethane kubangelwa ukushiswa kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, okuvusa izibopho zamakhemikhali ezintweni ze-polyurethane futhi kubangele ukuqhekeka kwezibopho kanye nokusabela kokuhlela kabusha, okuholela ezinguqukweni zesakhiwo kanye nokuphuzi kwe-polyurethane. Ngakho-ke, ngokungenisa izibopho ze-disulfide ezigabeni zeketanga le-polyurethane elisekelwe emanzini, ukusebenza kokumelana nokuziphilisa kanye nokuphuzi kwe-polyurethane kwahlolwa. Ngokusho kokuhlolwa kwe-GB/T 1766-2008, △E yayingu-4.68, kanti izinga lokushintsha kombala laliyizinga lesi-2, kodwa njengoba yayisebenzisa i-tetraphenylene disulfide, enombala othile, ayifanele i-polyurethane engaphuzi.

Ama-absorber okukhanya kwe-Ultraviolet nama-disulfide angaguqula ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet okumuncwayo kube ukukhishwa kwamandla okushisa ukuze kuncishiswe ithonya lemisebe yokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet esakhiweni se-polyurethane. Ngokufaka into enamandla eguquguqukayo i-2-hydroxyethyl disulfide esigabeni sokunwetshwa kwe-polyurethane synthesis, ifakwa esakhiweni se-polyurethane, okuyi-compound ye-disulfide equkethe amaqembu e-hydroxyl okulula ukusabela nge-isocyanate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-UV-320 ultraviolet absorber ifakwa ukuze ibambisane nokuthuthukiswa kokumelana okuphuzi kwe-polyurethane. I-UV-320 equkethe amaqembu e-hydroxyl, ngenxa yesici sayo sokusabela kalula namaqembu e-isocyanate, ingafakwa futhi ezigabeni ze-polyurethane chain futhi isetshenziswe esikhumbeni esiphakathi ukuthuthukisa ukumelana okuphuzi kwe-polyurethane.

Ngokuhlolwa kokwehluka kombala, kwatholakala ukuthi ukumelana okuphuzi kwe-polyureth yokumelana okuphuzi. Ngokusebenzisa i-TG, i-DSC, ukumelana nokuklwebheka kanye nokuhlolwa kokuthamba, kwatholakala ukuthi izakhiwo zomzimba ze-polyurethane elungiselelwe ukumelana nesimo sezulu kanye nesikhumba esiphathwe nge-polyurethane emsulwa zazihambisana, okubonisa ukuthi i-polyurethane emelana nesimo sezulu ingagcina izakhiwo eziyisisekelo zesikhumba ngenkathi ithuthukisa kakhulu ukumelana kwayo nesimo sezulu.